Planning the wiring and component installation of the plc control cabinet in a limited space is the key to ensure the normal function of the control cabinet and easy maintenance, which requires careful design based on multiple factors.
First, plan the component layout. Arrange the components in groups according to their functions and electrical connection relationships, such as placing PLC modules, power modules, relays, etc. in sequence according to signal flow or power flow. For example, place the PLC core module in the center to facilitate its quick connection with the surrounding input and output modules, reducing the length and complexity of the wiring. At the same time, reserve enough space for heat dissipation needs to avoid heat accumulation caused by high-power components being close to each other. Appropriate gaps should be maintained around devices that generate more heat, such as inverters, to allow air circulation and heat dissipation.
In terms of wiring, a layered wiring strategy is adopted. Set up power line layers, signal line layers, communication line layers, etc., and lay different types of cables in layers to reduce electromagnetic interference. For example, arrange the power line of strong electricity on the bottom layer, the signal line of weak electricity on the upper layer, and isolate them in the middle with a ground wire. For the inlet and outlet lines, reasonably plan the positions of the inlet and outlet to make the cable route simple and smooth and avoid cross-entanglement. For example, set the inlet and outlet ports corresponding to the commonly used external device connection cables in close positions to reduce cable detours.
Choose appropriate wiring tools and accessories. Use cable troughs, cable clamps, etc. to organize and fix the cables so that the wiring is neat and beautiful and not easy to loosen. The inside of the cable trough can be further divided into small compartments to accommodate different types of cables. For example, in a small plc control cabinet, a narrow cable trough with a small cable clamp can effectively restrain the cables without taking up too much space.
For component installation, miniaturized and integrated components are preferred. There are many multifunctional composite components on the market today that can reduce the number and volume of components. For example, using intelligent relays that integrate multiple protection functions instead of multiple single-function relays can save space and improve reliability. In addition, when installing components, ensure that they are firmly installed, use standard rail installation or screw fastening methods to prevent components from loosening and falling off due to vibration during operation.
Consider the convenience of later maintenance. Reserve enough operating space to facilitate component replacement, debugging, and inspection and maintenance of wiring. For example, reserve at least 30 cm of operating space in front of key components such as PLC modules to avoid maintenance difficulties due to narrow space.
In addition, do a good job of labeling. Clearly mark the function, number and connection destination of each cable and each component, which is extremely important when troubleshooting and expanding the system in a limited space. For example, use wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant labels to mark the components and pin information connected at both ends of the cable to facilitate quick location of problems.
Through the above comprehensive measures, the PLC control cabinet can be reasonably wired and the components can be installed in an orderly manner in a limited space, ensuring its stable and efficient operation and easy maintenance and management.
